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Mastering common operating instructions is crucial in CNC machine programming. Firstly, the pause command G04 can achieve precise pause of the tool, and the value following X or P determines the pause time, which is particularly crucial for ensuring machining accuracy. Secondly, the instructions from M00 to M30 are used for unconditional or selective program pause, as well as program termination, ensuring the flexibility and controllability of the machining process. Furthermore, as tool compensation parameters, the reasonable setting of D and H can effectively avoid machining errors. In addition, the mirror commands M21, M22, and M23 make processing more flexible, but it should be noted that they should be cancelled in a timely manner after use. The circular interpolation instructions G02 and G03 achieve precise machining of circular arcs, and their use requires strict adherence to parameter settings. Finally, the G92 and G54~G59 instructions are used for setting the coordinate system, but caution should be exercised to avoid machining accidents caused by coordinate system confusion. In short, mastering these common instructions proficiently is the key to improving the programming efficiency and machining quality of CNC machine tools.